Rectal cancer is a term used for malignant growths arising in the rectum – the final section of the large intestine before the anus. If you or a loved one have received a diagnosis of rectal cancer or are learning more about treatment options, the question “can rectal cancer be cured?” is one of the most important you will ask. In this article, we explain in clear terms: what “cure” means, factors influencing cure, treatment options including Transanal Minimally Invasive Surgery (TAMIS), and when to seek a specialist.
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What Does “Cure” of Rectal Cancer Mean?
When we ask whether rectal cancer can be cured, we refer to the complete eradication of the cancer and a situation where it does not return or metastasise for a significant period – typically five years or more.
- For early-stage rectal cancers (confined to the rectal wall and no lymph node or distant spread), cure is very possible. Survival rates can reach around 90 % for localised disease.
- For more advanced disease, the chance of cure decreases, and treatment may focus on long-term control rather than full eradication.
Key Factors That Influence Whether Rectal Cancer Can Be Cured
- Stage at Diagnosis – Earlier detection usually equates to higher cure rates.
- Tumour Location – Low rectal tumours near the anus require specialised surgical techniques.
- Spread (Metastasis) – Lymph node or distant organ involvement lowers cure probability.
- Treatment Quality & Multidisciplinary Care – Centres with experienced colorectal surgeons, oncologists, and radiologists may achieve better outcomes. Techniques like Total Mesorectal Excision (TME) and TAMIS can improve results.
- Patient Factors – Overall health, ability to undergo surgery and follow-up compliance influence outcomes.
Treatment Options
Surgery
- Local excision / minimally invasive: Suitable for very early tumours.
- Standard TME (open, laparoscopic, robotic): Removes the rectum, surrounding tissue, and lymph nodes; considered standard for most rectal cancers.
- TAMIS (Transanal Minimally Invasive Surgery):
TAMIS is a specialised minimally invasive technique used to remove polyps and early rectal cancers entirely through the anus. It is organ‑sparing and suitable for selected early tumours.
Radiotherapy & Chemotherapy
- Preoperative (neoadjuvant) chemoradiation may shrink tumours and improve surgical outcomes.
- Postoperative (adjuvant) therapy is used depending on stage and surgical margins.
Advanced or Metastatic Treatments
- For advanced cases, treatments may include surgery for metastases, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy. Cure may be less likely, with focus on control and quality of life.
When Should You See a Specialist?
Consult a colorectal surgeon if:
- You have symptoms such as blood in stool, change in bowel habits, or narrow stools.
- Screening tests show polyps or suspicious lesions.
- You have a confirmed diagnosis of rectal cancer and wish to explore all treatment options, including TAMIS or other organ‑sparing techniques.
- You are seeking a second opinion or referral to a major centre for complex cases.
- You want to understand long-term outcomes, stoma requirements, and follow-up.
Specialists You May Consider
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Dr Henry Tan Chor Lip 陈楚立医生
Dr Chong Choon Seng 张峻诚医生
[SG] Featured Doctor
For inquiries or for an introduction to a specialist colorectal surgeon or oncologist, contact us below.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. What is the difference between colon and rectal cancer?
Rectal cancer is located in the rectum, while colon cancer occurs in other parts of the large intestine. Both require different surgical and radiotherapy considerations.
2. Is TAMIS suitable for all rectal cancers?
No. It is suitable mainly for early, small tumours confined to the rectal wall without lymph node or distant spread.
3. Can rectal cancer with lymph node involvement be cured?
It may be possible in selected cases, though cure rates decrease and multimodal treatment is often required.
4. What are functional outcomes after surgery?
Outcomes vary based on tumour location and surgical method. TAMIS and organ-sparing techniques aim to preserve bowel function and avoid permanent stoma.
5. How important is follow-up?
Follow-up is crucial to detect recurrence early, particularly in the first five years post-surgery.
Disclaimer: 365Asia aims to provide accurate and up-to-date information, our contents do not constitute medical or any professional advice. If medical advice is required, please consult a licensed healthcare professional. Patient stories are for general reading. They are based on third-party information and have not been independently verified.